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    <loc>https://www.upscplanner.com/articles/biosphere-reserves-in-india</loc>
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      <image:title>Biosphere Reserves in India: Complete Directory of 18 Reserves &amp; 13 UNESCO MAB Sites for UPSC</image:title>
      <image:caption>A comprehensive UPSC guide to all 18 Biosphere Reserves in India and the 13 reserves in UNESCO&apos;s World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR) following the September 2025 inscription of Cold Desert, covering tripartite zonation, key fauna, and legal frameworks.</image:caption>
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    <loc>https://www.upscplanner.com/articles/functions-of-money</loc>
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      <image:title>What is Money | Functions of Money</image:title>
      <image:caption>&lt;p&gt;WHAT IS MONEY? Money is derived from a Latin word, Moneta. The money is a term refers to an object that is accepted as a mode for the transaction of goods and services in general and repayment of debts, medium for transaction of goods. Money can be in various forms, such as notes, coins, credit [...]&lt;/p&gt;
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      <image:title>UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India 2026: Complete List of 43 Sites (Moidams 43rd Site), Criteria &amp; Map for UPSC</image:title>
      <image:caption>A complete, updated guide to all 43 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India, covering 35 Cultural, 7 Natural, and 1 Mixed site (Moidams 43rd Site, Hoysalas, Santiniketan), selection criteria, ASI framework, and state-wise mapping for UPSC CSE.</image:caption>
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    <loc>https://www.upscplanner.com/articles/indian-polity-mcqs</loc>
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      <image:title>Indian Polity: MCQs</image:title>
      <image:caption>&lt;p&gt;Test Your Knowledge: Indian Polity Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Test your understanding of Indian Polity with these MCQs! Strengthen your knowledge of the Constitution and governance for active citizenship.&lt;/p&gt;
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    <loc>https://www.upscplanner.com/articles/upsc-civil-services-exam-ias-syllabus-exam-paper-pattern</loc>
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      <image:title>UPSC IAS Syllabus &amp; Exam Pattern 2026: Complete Prelims, Mains &amp; Interview Scheme</image:title>
      <image:caption>Complete official guide to UPSC Civil Services Examination (IAS/IPS/IFS) syllabus and exam pattern 2026, spanning Prelims (GS + CSAT), Mains (9 Papers, 1750 Marks), Optional subjects, and Personality Test (275 Marks).</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Fundamental Duties</image:title>
      <image:caption>&lt;p&gt;The Fundamental Duties were incorporated in Part IV-A of the Constitution. Today, there are 11 Fundamental Duties described under Article 51-A, of which 10 was introduced by the 42nd Amendment and the 11th was added by t? it wAmendment in 2002. They are inspired by the constitution of erstwhile USSR(Union of Soviet Socialist Republics). In 1976, congress party set up the Sardar Swaran [...]&lt;/p&gt;
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    <loc>https://www.upscplanner.com/articles/upsc-civil-services-main-exam-syllabus</loc>
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      <image:title>UPSC Civil Services Main Exam Syllabus</image:title>
      <image:caption>&lt;p&gt;Important Points:  Civil Services Main Examination consists of a written examination and an interview (personality test). The written examination (main) will consist of the Nine papers, but only 7 papers will be counted for final merit ranking. The remaining two papers, English and Indian Language, are qualifying in nature. While UPSC CSE Prelims is objective-type [...]&lt;/p&gt;
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    <loc>https://www.upscplanner.com/articles/upsc-civil-services-preliminary-exam-syllabus</loc>
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      <image:title>UPSC Prelims Syllabus 2026: GS Paper 1 &amp; CSAT Paper 2 Subject-wise Breakdown</image:title>
      <image:caption>A comprehensive guide to the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination (CSE Prelims) syllabus for GS Paper 1 and CSAT Paper 2, covering detailed subject-wise micro-topics, marking schemes, qualifying rules, and negative marking.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>G-20 (Group of 20) Countries</image:title>
      <image:caption>&lt;p&gt;The G20 was founded in 1999 in response to several world economic crises. It is a consultation forum between finance ministers and central bank governors of the world’s major economies. Following the 2008 economic crisis, it became a forum between Heads of State and Government, aimed at improving coordination on the main global issues. G20 [...]&lt;/p&gt;
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      <image:title>Samudra Manthan Scheme: Offshore Exploration Push</image:title>
      <image:caption>The Union Cabinet approved the **Samudra Manthan Scheme** (National Offshore Exploration Scheme) with an outlay of **₹84,084 crore** up to FY 2030–31. Formulated under the **Ministry of Petroleum and </image:caption>
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      <image:title>Chandipura Virus Outbreak 2026: Key Facts &amp; Analysis</image:title>
      <image:caption>An active outbreak of **Chandipura virus (CHPV)** in Gujarat has led to over **184 suspected cases and 22 child deaths** in August 2026. CHPV is a single-stranded RNA pathogen (*Rhabdoviridae* family)</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Public Examinations Amendment Bill, 2026</image:title>
      <image:caption>Parliament has passed the **Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026** to amend the 2024 Act. It requires completing investigations within **two months** from the recordin</image:caption>
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      <image:title>First Photographic Evidence of Snow Leopard in Dhauladhar Sanctuary</image:title>
      <image:caption>The **Dhauladhar Wildlife Sanctuary** in Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh, recorded its first confirmed photographic evidence of a **snow leopard** (*Panthera uncia*) via camera traps at 2,836m altit</image:caption>
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    <loc>https://www.upscplanner.com/shorts/1</loc>
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      <image:title>India Joins WTO Fisheries Subsidies Pact</image:title>
      <image:caption>India deposited its **Instrument of Acceptance** for the **WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies** on 20 July 2026, becoming a party to the pact. Adopted at MC12 in 2022, it prohibits subsidies connect</image:caption>
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      <image:title>NCERT MCQs</image:title>
      <image:caption>UPSC Planner NCERT Complete MCQs cover banner: Comprehensive Class 6 to 12 GS Prelims practice across History, Geography, Polity, and Economics</image:caption>
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      <image:title>NCERT Class 6 Social Science MCQs</image:title>
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      <image:title>NCERT Class 8 Social Science MCQs for UPSC</image:title>
      <image:caption>UPSC Planner NCERT Class 8 Social Science MCQs cover banner: Modern Indian history, Constitution, electoral system, and parliamentary democracy</image:caption>
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      <image:title>NCERT Class 8 Chapter 4: The Colonial Era in India MCQs for UPSC</image:title>
      <image:caption>UPSC Planner NCERT Class 8 Chapter 4: The Colonial Era in India MCQs cover banner</image:caption>
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      <image:title>NCERT Class 7 Social Science MCQs for UPSC</image:title>
      <image:caption>UPSC Planner NCERT Class 7 Social Science MCQs cover banner: Medieval Indian history, kingdoms, geography, and governance questions</image:caption>
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      <image:title>NCERT Class 8 Exploring Society MCQs</image:title>
      <image:caption>UPSC Planner NCERT Class 8 Exploring Society India and Beyond textbook MCQs cover banner</image:caption>
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    <loc>https://www.upscplanner.com/mcq/ncert/class-8/social-science/exploring-society-india-and-beyond/chapter-1-natural-resources-and-their-use</loc>
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      <image:title>NCERT Class 8 Chapter 1: Natural Resources and Their Use MCQs for UPSC</image:title>
      <image:caption>UPSC Planner NCERT Class 8 Chapter 1: Natural Resources and Their Use MCQs cover banner</image:caption>
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      <image:title>NCERT Class 8 Chapter 2: Reshaping India&apos;s Political Map MCQs for UPSC</image:title>
      <image:caption>UPSC Planner NCERT Class 8 Chapter 2: Reshaping India&apos;s Political Map MCQs cover banner</image:caption>
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      <image:title>NCERT Class 8 Chapter 3: The Rise of the Marathas MCQs for UPSC</image:title>
      <image:caption>UPSC Planner NCERT Class 8 Chapter 3: The Rise of the Marathas MCQs cover banner</image:caption>
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    <loc>https://www.upscplanner.com/mcq/ncert/class-8/social-science/exploring-society-india-and-beyond/chapter-5-universal-franchise-and-indias-electoral-system</loc>
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      <image:title>NCERT Class 8 Chapter 5: Universal Franchise and India&apos;s Electoral System MCQs for UPSC</image:title>
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